win下的几个你所不知道的命令

此文转自安全焦点
问:怎么才能关掉一个用任务管理器关不了的进程？
我前段时间发现我的机子里多了一个进程，只要开机就在，我用任务管理器却怎么关也关不了


答:1.杀进程很容易，随便找个工具都行。比如IceSword。
关键是找到这个进程的启动方式，不然下次重启它又出来了。


顺便教大家一招狠的。其实用Windows自带的工具就能杀大部分进程：
c:\>ntsd -c q -p PID


只有System、SMSS.EXE和CSRSS.EXE不能杀。
前两个是纯内核态的，最后那个是Win32子系统，ntsd本身需要它。


ntsd从2000开始就是系统自带的用户态调试工具。被调试器附着(attach)的进程会随调试器一起退出，所以可以用来在命令行下终止进程。使用ntsd自动就获得了debug权限，从而能杀掉大部分的进程。


ntsd会新开一个调试窗口，本来在纯命令行下无法控制，但如果只是简单的命令，比如退出(q)，用-c参数从命令行传递就行了。


NtsdNtsd 按照惯例也向软件开发人员提供。只有系统开发人员使用此命令。有关详细信息，请参阅 NTSD 中所附的帮助文件。





usage: ntsd [-?] [-2] [-d] [-g] [-G] [-myob] [-lines] [-n] [-o] [-s] [-v] [-w]
[-r BreakErrorLevel] [-t PrintErrorLevel]
[-hd] [-pd] [-pe] [-pt #] [-pv] [-x | -x{e|d|n|i} ]
[-- | -p pid | -pn name | command-line | -z CrashDmpFile]
[-zp CrashPageFile] [-premote transport] [-robp]
[-aDllName] [-c "command"] [-i ImagePath] [-y SymbolsPath]
[-clines #] [-srcpath SourcePath] [-QR \\machine] [-wake ]
[-remote transport:server=name,portid] [-server transport:portid]
[-ses] [-sfce] [-sicv] [-snul] [-noio] [-failinc] [-noshell]


where: -? displays this help text
command-line is the command to run under the debugger
-- is the same as -G -g -o -p -1 -d -pd
-aDllName sets the default extension DLL
-c executes the following debugger command
-clines number of lines of output history retrieved by a remote client
-failinc causes incomplete symbol and module loads to fail
-d sends all debugger output to kernel debugger via DbgPrint
-d cannot be used with debugger remoting
-d can only be used when the kernel debugger is enabled
-g ignores initial breakpoint in debuggee
-G ignores final breakpoint at process termination
-hd specifies that the debug heap should not be used
for created processes. This only works on Windows Whistler.
-o debugs all processes launched by debuggee
-p pid specifies the decimal process Id to attach to
-pd specifies that the debugger should automatically detach
-pe specifies that any attach should be to an existing debug port
-pn name specifies the name of the process to attach to
-pt # specifies the interrupt timeout
-pv specifies that any attach should be noninvasive
-r specifies the (0-3) error level to break on (SeeSetErrorLevel)
-robp allows breakpoints to be set in read-only memory
-t specifies the (0-3) error level to display (SeeSetErrorLevel)
-w specifies to debug 16 bit applications in a separate VDM
-x sets second-chance break on AV exceptions
-x{e|d|n|i} sets the break status for the specified event
-2 creates a separate console window for debuggee
-i ImagePath specifies the location of the executables that generated
the fault (see _NT_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE_PATH)
-lines requests that line number information be used if present
-myob ignores version mismatches in DBGHELP.DLL
-n enables verbose output from symbol handler
-noio disables all I/O for dedicated remoting servers
-noshell disables the .shell (!!) command
-QR <\\machine> queries for remote servers
-s disables lazy symbol loading
-ses enables strict symbol loading
-sfce fails critical errors encountered during file searching
-sicv ignores the CV record when symbol loading
-snul disables automatic symbol loading for unqualified names
-srcpath specifies the source search path
-v enables verbose output from debugger
-wake wakes up a sleeping debugger and exits
-y specifies the symbol search path (see _NT_SYMBOL_PATH)
-z specifies the name of a crash dump file to debug
-zp specifies the name of a page.dmp file
to use with a crash dump
-remote lets you connect to a debugger session started with -server
must be the first argument if present
transport: tcp | npipe | ssl | spipe | 1394 | com
name: machine name on which the debug server was created
portid: id of the port the debugger server was created on
for tcp use: port=
for npipe use: pipe=
for 1394 use: channel=
for com use: port=,baud=,
channel=
for ssl and spipe see the documentation
example: ... -remote npipe:server=yourmachine,pipe=foobar
-server creates a debugger session other people can connect to
must be the first argument if present
transport: tcp | npipe | ssl | spipe | 1394 | com
portid: id of the port remote users can connect to
for tcp use: port=
for npipe use: pipe=
for 1394 use: channel=
for com use: port=,baud=,
channel=
for ssl and spipe see the documentation
example: ... -server npipe:pipe=foobar
-premote transport specifies the process server to connect to
transport arguments are given as with remoting


Environment Variables:


_NT_SYMBOL_PATH=[Drive:][Path]
Specify symbol image path.


_NT_ALT_SYMBOL_PATH=[Drive:][Path]
Specify an alternate symbol image path.


_NT_DEBUGGER_EXTENSION_PATH=[Drive:][Path]
Specify a path which should be searched first for extensions dlls


_NT_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE_PATH=[Drive:][Path]
Specify executable image path.


_NT_SOURCE_PATH=[Drive:][Path]
Specify source file path.


_NT_DEBUG_LOG_FILE_OPEN=filename
If specified, all output will be written to this file from offset 0.


_NT_DEBUG_LOG_FILE_APPEND=filename
If specified, all output will be APPENDed to this file.


_NT_DEBUG_HISTORY_SIZE=size
Specifies the size of a server"s output history in kilobytes


Control Keys:


Quit debugger
Break into Target
Force a break into debuggee (same as Ctrl-C)
Debug Current debugger
Toggle Verbose mode
Print version information
ntsd: exiting - press enter ---


用法:开个cmd.exe窗口，输入：
ntsd -c q -p PID


把最后那个PID，改成你要终止的进程的ID。


如果你不知道进程的ID，任务管理器－》进程选项卡－》查看－》选择列－》
勾上"PID（进程标识符）"，然后就能看见了。


2.xp下还有两个好东东
tasklist和tskill
tasklist能列出所有的进程，和相应的信息
tskill能查杀进程le
语法很简单
tskill 程序名！！