PHP:导入导出Excel的方法
如何把系统中的一些数据导出成Excel,修改后再导回系统,下面进行一些总结。
基本上导出的文件分为两种:
1:类Excel格式,这个其实不是传统意义上的Excel文件,只是因为Excel的兼容能力强,能够正确打开而已。修改这种文件后再保存,通常会提示你是否要转换成Excel文件。
优点:简单。
缺点:难以生成格式,如果用来导入需要自己分别编写相应的程序。
2:Excel格式,与类Excel相对应,这种方法生成的文件更接近于真正的Excel格式。
如果导出中文时出现乱码,可以尝试将字符串转换成gb2312,例如下面就把$yourStr从utf-8转换成了gb2312:
$yourStr = mb_convert_encoding;
下面详细列举几种方法。
一、PHP导出Excel
1:第一推荐无比风骚的PHPExcel,官方网站:
导入导出都成,可以导出office2007格式,同时兼容2003。
下载下来的包中有文档和例子,大家可以自行研究。
抄段例子出来:
PHP代码
<?php
/**
* PHPExcel
* Copyright20062007 PHPExcel
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2.1 of the License, orany later version.
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
* @category PHPExcel
* @package PHPExcel
* @copyright Copyright20062007 PHPExcel
* @license LGPL
* @version 1.5.0, 2007-10-23
*/
/** Error reporting */
error_reporting;
/** Include path **/
set_include_path . PATH_SEPARATOR . ‘../Classes/’);
/** PHPExcel */
include ‘PHPExcel.php’;
/** PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007 */
include ‘PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php’;
// Create new PHPExcel object
echo date . ” Create new PHPExcel object“n”;
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel;
// Set properties
echo date . ” Set properties“n”;
$objPHPExcel-getProperties-setCreator;
$objPHPExcel-getProperties-setLastModifiedBy;
$objPHPExcel-getProperties-setTitle;
$objPHPExcel-getProperties-setSubject;
$objPHPExcel-getProperties-setDescrīption;
$objPHPExcel-getProperties-setKeywords;
$objPHPExcel-getProperties-setCategory;
// Add some data
echo date . ” Add some data“n”;
$objPHPExcel-setActiveSheetIndex;
$objPHPExcel-getActiveSheet-setCellValue;
$objPHPExcel-getActiveSheet-setCellValue;
$objPHPExcel-getActiveSheet-setCellValue;
$objPHPExcel-getActiveSheet-setCellValue;
// Rename sheet
echo date . ” Rename sheet“n”;
$objPHPExcel-getActiveSheet-setTitle;
// Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet
$objPHPExcel-setActiveSheetIndex;
// Save Excel 2007 file
echo date . ” Write to Excel2007 format“n”;
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007;
$objWriter-save);
// Echo done
echo date . ” Done writing file.“r“n”;
2、使用pear的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer类
此类依赖于OLE,
需要注意的是导出的Excel文件格式比较老,修改后保存会提示是否转换成更新的格式。
不过可以设定格式,很强大。
PHP代码
?php
require_once ‘Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php’;
// Creating a workbook
$workbook = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer;
// sending HTTP headers
$workbook-send;
// Creating a worksheet
$worksheet =& $workbook-addWorksheet;
// The actual data
$worksheet-write;
$worksheet-write;
$worksheet-write;
$worksheet-write;
$worksheet-write;
$worksheet-write;
$worksheet-write;
$worksheet-write;
// Let’s send the file
$workbook-close;
3:利用smarty,生成符合Excel规范的XML或HTML文件
支持格式,非常完美的导出方案。不过导出来的的本质上还是XML文件,如果用来导入就需要另外处理了。
详细内容请见rardge大侠的文章:
需要注意的是如果导出的表格行数不确定时,最好在模板中把”ss:ExpandedColumnCount=”5″ ss:ExpandedRowCount=”21″”之类的东西删掉。
4、利用pack函数打印出模拟Excel格式的断句符号,这种更接近于Excel标准格式,用office2003修改后保存,还不会弹出提示,推荐用这种方法。
缺点是无格式。
PHP代码
?php
// Send Header
header;
header;
header;
header;
header;
header;;
header;
header;
// XLS Data Cell
xlsBOF;
xlsWriteLabel;
xlsWriteLabel;
xlsWriteLabel;
xlsEOF;
function xlsBOF
function xlsEOF
function xlsWriteNumber
function xlsWriteLabel
不过在64位linux系统中使用时失败了,断句符号全部变成了乱码。
5、使用制表符、换行符的方法
制表符”“t”用户分割同一行中的列,换行符”“t“n”可以开启下一行。
?php
header;
header;
header;
header;
/*first line*/
echo “hello”.”“t”;
echo “world”.”“t”;
echo ““t“n”;
/*start of second line*/
echo “this is second line”.”“t”;
echo “Hi,pretty girl”.”“t”;
echo ““t“n”;
6、使用com
如果你的PHP可以开启com模块,就可以用它来导出Excel文件
PHP代码
<?
$filename = “c:/spreadhseet/test.xls”;
$sheet1 = 1;
$sheet2 = “sheet2″;
$excel_app = new COM or Die ;
print “Application name: “n” ;
print “Loaded version: “n”;
$Workbook = $excel_app-Workbooks-Open or Die;
$Worksheet = $Workbook-Worksheets;
$Worksheet-activate;
$excel_cell = $Worksheet-Range;
$excel_cell-activate;
$excel_result = $excel_cell-value;
print “$excel_result“n”;
$Worksheet = $Workbook-Worksheets;
$Worksheet-activate;
$excel_cell = $Worksheet-Range;
$excel_cell-activate;
$excel_result = $excel_cell-value;
print “$excel_result“n”;
#To close all instances of excel:
$Workbook-Close;
unset;
unset;
$excel_app-Workbooks-Close;
$excel_app-Quit;
unset;
?>
一个更好的例子:
一、PHP导入Excel
1:还是用PHPExcel,官方网站: 。
2:使用PHP-ExcelReader,下载地址:
举例:
PHP代码
<?php
require_once ‘Excel/reader.php’;
// ExcelFile;
$data = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Reader;
// Set output Encoding.
$data-setOutputEncoding;
$data-read;
error_reporting;
for
echo ““n”;
?>