Solaris 8.0常用命令及解释

　　Debugging
　　truss executable
　　/* Trace doing of given command ( useful debugging ) */
　　truss f p <pid of a shell>
　　/* Using multiple windows this can be used to trace setuid/setgid programs */
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　　Arp ethernet trouble shooting
　　arp a
　　/* Shows the ethernet address arp table */
　　arp d myhost
　　/* Delete a stale ethernet entry for host myhost */
　　
　　Disk Commands
　　du k
　　/* Reports disk space used in Kilobytes */
　　du sk
　　/* Reports only total disk space used in Kilobytes */
　　du ad /var | sort nr
　　/* Tells you how big the /var files are in reverse order */
　　fdformat d U
　　/* Format diskette */
　　/usr/bin/iostat E
　　/* Command to display drives statistics */
　　/bin/mount F hsfs o ro /dev/sr /cdrom
　　/* Mount an ISO CDROM */
　　prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/ctds
　　/* Disk geometry and partitioning info */
　　quot af
　　/* How much space is used by users in kilobytes */
　　
　　Driver Parameters
　　ndd /dev/ip \?
　　/* Shows IP variables in the kernel */
　　ndd /dev/ip ip_forwarding
　　/* Tells you if forwarding is on (=) */
　　ndd set /dev/ip ip_forwarding
　　/* Enables IP forwarding between interfaces */
　　
　　File Manipulation
　　dosunix | ascii <filename>
　　/* Converts DOS file formats to Unix */
　　split
　　/* Split files into pieces */
　　[vi] : %s/existing/new/g
　　/* Search and Replace text in vi */
　　[vi] :set nu
　　/* Set line numbers in vi */
　　[vi] :set ts=[num]
　　/* Set tab stops in vi */
　　
　　File System
　　cat /dev/null > filename
　　/* Zeros out the file without breaking pipe */
　　dd if=/dev/rdsk/ of=/dev/rdsk/ bs=
　　/* Make a mirror image of your boot disk */
　　df k | grep dg| awk {print $} |xargs n umount
　　/* Unmount all file systems in disk group dg */
　　fsck F ufs /dev/rdsk/ctds
　　/* Check a UFS filesystem on ctds */
　　fsck F ufs y /dev/rdsk/ctds
　　/* Check answering yes to all questions */
　　fsck F ufs o b= /dev/rdsk/ctds
　　/* Check using an alternate super block */
　　gzip dc filetargz | tar xf
　　/* Unpack targz files in place */
　　ls la | awk { print $ $ } | sort rn
　　/* File sizes of current directory */
　　mount f pcfs /dev/dsk/cdp /export/dos
　　/* Mount DOS fdisk partition from Solaris */
　　mount F ufs o rwremount /
　　/* Used to remount root to make it writeable */
　　mount o remountlogging /spare
　　/* Remount the ro file system rw and turn on ufs logging */
　　tar cvf filenametar
　　/* Create a tape (tar) archive */
　　tar xvf filenametar
　　/* Extract a tape (tar) archive */
　　tar cf | (cd /newdir ; tar xf )
　　/* Recursively copy files and their permissions */
　　/sbin/uadmin x x
　　/* Syncs File Systems and Reboots systems fast */
　　zcat <patch_filetarZ | tar xvf
　　/* Extract the patch_file that is a compressed tar file */
　　
　　File Transfer
　　put | tar cf filenametar
　　/* Undocumented Feature of FTP */
　　find depth | cpio pdmv /path/tobe/copied/to
　　/* Fast alternative to cp pr */
　　sendport
　　/* Transferring large numbers of files within the same ftp control session */
　　
　　General
　　/usr/bin/catman w
　　/* Create windex databases for man page directories */
　　mailx H u <username>
　　/* List out mail headers for specified user */
　　set filec
　　/* Set filecompletion for csh */
　　
　　Hardware
　　cfgadm
　　/* Verify reconfigurable hardware resources */
　　mconfig prconf
　　/* Print M hardware configuration */
　　mconfig depth |
　　/* Sets the screen depth of your M graphics accelerator */
　　mconfig res video_mode
　　/* Change the resolution of your M graphics accelerator */
　　
　　Kernel
　　/usr/sbin/modinfo
　　/* Display kernel module information */
　　/usr/sbin/modload <module>
　　/* Load a kernel module */
　　/usr/sbin/modunload i <module id>
　　/* Unload a kernel module */
　　nm x /dev/ksyms | grep OBJ | more
　　/* Tuneable kernel parameters */
　　/usr/sbin/sysdef
　　/* Show system kernal tunable details */
　　
　　Memory
　　prtconf | grep Memory size
　　/* Display Memory Size */
　　
　　Network Information
　　ndd /dev/arp arp_cache_report
　　/* Prints ARP table in cache with IP and MAC address */
　　netstat a | grep EST | wc l
　　/* Displays number active established connections to the localhost */
　　netstat k hme
　　/* Undocumented netstat command */
　　netstat i
　　/* Show the TCP/IP network interfaces */
　　netstat np
　　/* Similar to arp a without name resolution */
　　netstat r
　　/* Show network route table */
　　netstat rn
　　/* Displays routing information but bypasses hostname lookup */
　　netstat a | more
　　/* Show the state of all sockets */
　　traceroute <ipaddress>
　　/* Follow the route to the ipaddress */
　　
　　Network/Tuning
　　ifconfig eth mtu
　　/* Change MTU of interface */
　　ifconfig eth netmask
　　/* Add an Interface */
　　/sbin/ifconfig hme: inet xxxxx netmask broadcast xxxxxx
　　/* Virtual Interfaces */
　　/sbin/ifconfig hme: up
　　/* Bring virtual interface up */
　　/usr/sbin/ndd set /dev/hme adv_fdx_cap
　　/* Nailling to Mbps */
　　ndd set /dev/ip ip_addrs_per_if
　　/* To set more than virtual ip addresses */
　　ndd set /dev/tcp tcp_xmit_hiwat
　　/* Increase TCPtransmitbuffers */
　　ndd set /dev/tcp tcp_recv_hiwat
　　/* Increase TCPreceivebuffers */
　　
　　Processes
　　fuser uc /var
　　/* Processes that are running from /var */
　　kill HUP `ps ef | grep [p]roccess | awk {print $}`
　　/* HUP any related process in one step */
　　pfiles <pid>
　　/* Shows processes current open files */
　　pkill n <name>
　　/* Kill a process by name */
　　kill `ps ef | grep program_name | grep v grep | cut f d `
　　/* pkill for solaris */
　　prstat a
　　/* An alternative for top command */
　　/usr/ucb/ps aux | more
　　/* Displays CPU % usage for each process in ascending order */
　　/usr/ucb/ps auxww | grep <process name>
　　/* Gives the full listing of the process (long listing) */
　　ps ef | grep i <string> | awk { print $ }
　　/* Creates list of running PID by */
　　ps ef | grep v : | more
　　/* Gives you a list of any process with CPU time more than : */
　　ps ef | more
　　/* Show all processes running */
　　ps fu oracle|grep pmon
　　/* See which instances of Oracle are running */
　　/usr/proc/bin/ptree <pid>
　　/* Print the parent/child process tree of a process */
　　/usr/proc/bin/pwdx <pid>
　　/* Print the working directory of a process */
　　top b
　　/* Returns the process utilizing the most cpu and quits */
　　
　　Resource Management
　　/usr/bin/ldd [filename]
　　/* List the dynamic dependencies of executable files */
　　/usr/proc/bin/pmap pid
　　/* Report address space map a process occupies */
　　
　　Route Configuration
　　route add net
　　/* Adds rou