Delphi中的Access技巧集

1、DELPHI中操作ACCESS数据库(建立.mdb文件,压缩数据库)

以下代码在WIN2K,D6,MDAC2.6下测试通过，编译好的程序在WIN98第二版无ACCESS环境下运行成功。

以下为引用的内容：

//在之前uses ComObj,ActiveX
//声明连接字符串
Const
SConnectionString = 'Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=%s;'
+'Jet OLEDB:Database Password=%s;';

//=============================================================================
// Procedure: GetTempPathFileName
// Author : ysai
// Date : 2003-01-27
// Arguments: (None)
// Result : string
//=============================================================================
function GetTempPathFileName():string;
//取得临时文件名
var
SPath,Sfile&:array [0..254] of char;
begin
GetTempPath(254,SPath);
GetTempFileName(SPath,'~SM',0,SFile);
result:=SFile;
DeleteFile(PChar(result));
end;

//=============================================================================
// Procedure: CreateAccessFile
// Author : ysai
// Date : 2003-01-27
// Arguments: FileName:String;PassWord:string=''
// Result : boolean
//=============================================================================
function CreateAccessFile(FileName:String;PassWord:string=''):boolean;
//建立Access文件，如果文件存在则失败
var
STempFileName:string;
vCatalog:OleVariant;
begin
STempFileName:=GetTempPathFileName;
try
vCatalog:=CreateOleObject('ADOX.Catalog');
vCatalog.Create(format(SConnectionString,[STempFileName,PassWord]));
result:=CopyFile(PChar(STempFileName),PChar(FileName),True);
DeleteFile(STempFileName);
except
result:=false;
end;
end;

//=============================================================================
// Procedure: CompactDatabase
// Author : ysai
// Date : 2003-01-27
// Arguments: AFileName,APassWord:string
// Result : boolean
//=============================================================================
function CompactDatabase(AFileName,APassWord:string):boolean;
//压缩与修复数据库,覆盖源文件
var
STempFileName:string;
vJE:OleVariant;
begin
STempFileName:=GetTempPathFileName;
try
vJE:=CreateOleObject('JRO.JetEngine');
vJE.CompactDatabase(format(SConnectionString,[AFileName,APassWord]),
format(SConnectionString,[STempFileName,APassWord]));
result:=CopyFile(PChar(STempFileName),PChar(AFileName),false);
DeleteFile(STempFileName);
except
result:=false;
end;
end;

    //=============================================================================
// Procedure: ChangeDatabasePassword
// Author : ysai
// Date : 2003-01-27
// Arguments: AFileName,AOldPassWord,ANewPassWord:string
// Result : boolean
//=============================================================================
function ChangeDatabasePassword(AFileName,AOldPassWord,ANewPassWord:string):boolean;
//修改ACCESS数据库密码
var
STempFileName:string;
vJE:OleVariant;
begin
STempFileName:=GetTempPathFileName;
try
vJE:=CreateOleObject('JRO.JetEngine');
vJE.CompactDatabase(format(SConnectionString,[AFileName,AOldPassWord]),
format(SConnectionString,[STempFileName,ANewPassWord]));
result:=CopyFile(PChar(STempFileName),PChar(AFileName),false);
DeleteFile(STempFileName);
except
result:=false;
end;
end;
 

2、ACCESS中使用SQL语句应注意的地方及几点技巧，以下SQL语句在ACCESS XP的查询中测试通过建表：

以下为引用的内容：
Create Table Tab1 (
ID Counter,
Name string,
Age integer,
[Date] DateTime); 

技巧：

自增字段用 Counter 声明。

字段名为关键字的字段用方括号[]括起来,数字作为字段名也可行。

建立索引：

下面的语句在Tab1的Date列上建立可重复索引

Create Index iDate ON Tab1 ([Date]);

完成后ACCESS中字段Date索引属性显示为 - 有(有重复)。

下面的语句在Tab1的Name列上建立不可重复索引

Create Unique Index iName ON Tab1 (Name);

完成后ACCESS中字段Name索引属性显示为 - 有(无重复)。

下面的语句删除刚才建立的两个索引

Drop Index iDate ON Tab1;

Drop Index iName ON Tab1;

ACCESS与SQLSERVER中的UPDATE语句对比：

SQLSERVER中更新多表的UPDATE语句：